A Sunflower and Dolomitic Lime Experiment to Modify Cadmium Concentration in Cacao

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dc.creatorBenavides-Bolaños, Jhony Armando
dc.creatorEscobar Carreño, Mayra Alejandra
dc.creatorMéndez Velasco, Harold Sebastián
dc.date2025-10-22
dc.date.accessioned2025-12-19T17:27:59Z
dc.date.available2025-12-19T17:27:59Z
dc.descriptionCadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal naturally present in soils and is readily absorbed by edible plants, including cacao, the main ingredient of chocolate foods. High Cd levels in cacao beans pose a public health risk, leading to stringent regulations, particularly in the European Union, which adversely affect small-scale cacao farmers. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and dolomitic lime on Cd levels in one-month-old cacao plants (Theobroma cacao) and the soils they grew in. A greenhouse experiment was conducted, where sunflower and cacao were grown together under two levels of soil Cd exposure, with dolomitic lime added to some treatments. The results indicated that dolomitic lime significantly reduced (P < 0.05) Cd concentrations in cacao, while sunflower presence increased Cd accumulation in cacao, possibly due to the acidic conditions created by sunflower roots. A negative correlation was observed between soil pH and Cd levels in soil. These findings suggest that dolomitic lime may be a viable strategy to mitigate Cd uptake in cacao under low to moderate soil Cd contamination.en-US
dc.descriptionEl cadmio (Cd) es un metal pesado tóxico presente de manera natural en los suelos y es fácilmente absorbido por las plantas comestibles, incluyendo el cacao, el principal ingrediente de los alimentos a base de chocolate. Los altos niveles de Cd en los granos de cacao representan un riesgo para la salud pública, lo que ha llevado a la implementación de estrictas regulaciones, especialmente en la Unión Europea, que afectan negativamente a los pequeños agricultores de cacao. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar los efectos del girasol (Helianthus annuus) y la cal dolomítica sobre los niveles de Cd en plantas de cacao de un mes (Theobroma cacao) y en los suelos donde crecieron. Se realizó un experimento en invernadero, donde se cultivaron girasol y cacao juntos bajo dos niveles de exposición al Cd en el suelo, con la adición de cal dolomítica en algunos tratamientos. Los resultados indicaron que la cal dolomítica redujo significativamente (P < 0,05) las concentraciones de Cd en el cacao, mientras que la presencia de girasol aumentó la acumulación de Cd en el cacao, posiblemente debido a las condiciones ácidas creadas por las raíces del girasol. Se observó una correlación negativa entre el pH del suelo y los niveles de Cd en el suelo. Estos hallazgos sugieren que la cal dolomítica puede ser una estrategia viable para mitigar la absorción de Cd en el cacao en suelos con niveles bajos a moderados de contaminación por Cd.es-ES
dc.descriptionO cádmio (Cd) é um metal pesado tóxico presente naturalmente nos solos e facilmente absorvido pelas plantas comestíveis, incluindo o cacau — principal ingrediente dos alimentos à base de chocolate. Os altos níveis de Cd nos grãos de cacau representam um risco à saúde pública, o que levou à implementação de regulamentos rigorosos, especialmente na União Europeia, afetando negativamente os pequenos produtores de cacau. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os efeitos do girassol (Helianthus annuus) e da cal dolomítica sobre os níveis de Cd em plantas jovens de cacau de um mês (Theobroma cacao) e nos solos em que cresceram. Foi realizado um experimento em estufa, no qual o girassol e o cacau foram cultivados juntos sob dois níveis de exposição ao Cd no solo, com a adição de cal dolomítica em alguns tratamentos. Os resultados indicaram que a cal dolomítica reduziu significativamente (P < 0,05) as concentrações de Cd no cacau, enquanto a presença do girasol aumentou a acumulação de Cd no cacau, possivelmente devido às condições ácidas criadas pelas raízes do girassol. Observou-se uma correlação negativa entre o pH do solo e os níveis de Cd no solo. Esses achados sugerem que a cal dolomítica pode ser uma estratégia viável para mitigar a absorção de Cd pelo cacau em solos com níveis baixos a moderados de contaminação por cádmio.pt-BR
dc.formatapplication/pdf
dc.identifierhttps://revistas.umng.edu.co/index.php/rcin/article/view/7607
dc.identifier10.18359/rcin.7607
dc.identifier.urihttps://dspace7.infotegra.com/dspace7demo/45356
dc.languageeng
dc.publisherUniversidad Militar Nueva Granadaes-ES
dc.relationhttps://revistas.umng.edu.co/index.php/rcin/article/view/7607/6666
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dc.rightsDerechos de autor 2025 Ciencia e Ingeniería Neogranadinaes-ES
dc.rightshttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0es-ES
dc.sourceCiencia e Ingenieria Neogranadina; Vol. 35 No. 2 (2025); 87 - 103en-US
dc.sourceCiencia e Ingeniería Neogranadina; Vol. 35 Núm. 2 (2025); 87 - 103es-ES
dc.sourceCiencia e Ingeniería Neogranadina; v. 35 n. 2 (2025); 87 - 103pt-BR
dc.source1909-7735
dc.source0124-8170
dc.subjectCadmiumen-US
dc.subjectDolomitic Limeen-US
dc.subjectPhytoextractionen-US
dc.subjectSunfloweren-US
dc.subjectcadmioes-ES
dc.subjectcal Dolomíticaes-ES
dc.subjectfitoextracciónes-ES
dc.subjectgirasoles-ES
dc.subjectCádmiopt-BR
dc.subjectcal dolomitapt-BR
dc.subjectfitoextraçãopt-BR
dc.subjectgirassolpt-BR
dc.titleA Sunflower and Dolomitic Lime Experiment to Modify Cadmium Concentration in Cacaoen-US
dc.titleExperimento con girasol y cal dolomítica para modificar la concentración de cadmio en el cacaoes-ES
dc.titleExperimento com girassol e cal dolomítica para modificar a concentração de cádmio no cacaupt-BR
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article
dc.typeinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

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